Private

FS 3.205

Mountain Festivals

Details

  • Full Title

    FS 3.205: Mountain Festivals: The Representation, Marketing, and Consumption of Mountaineering Cultures
  • Scheduled

    Talks:
    2025-09-16, 13:30 - 15:00 (LT), SOWI – UR 3
  • Co-Conveners

  • Assigned to Synthesis Workshop

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  • Thematic Focus

    Culture, Equality, Gender, Tourism
  • Keywords

    Mountain festivals, mountain film, inclusion and exclusion, gender and mountains

Description

Our session consists of presentations that take a deeper look at various aspects of mountain festivals. The conveners will introduce a planned edited volume on mountain festivals and discuss questions pertaining to representation and inclusion / exclusion in mountain film festivals around the world. Other presentations address the history of the Banff Mountain Festival (Katie Ives), the representation of gender in festival-driven mountaineering documentaries (Julie Rak), the role of translation at mountain festivals (Anna Saroldi), and diversity, inclusion, and gender at bouldering festivals (Charlotte Bösling).  We welcome additional presentations that focus on issues such as diversity, counterculture, Indigenous rights, or other perspectives.

Registered Abstracts

ID: 3.7798

The 2024 Banff Mountain Book Festival: Toward a More Diverse and Imaginative Mountain Literature

Katherine Ives

Abstract/Description

During the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, mountaineering book festivals were often dominated by a certain kind of formulaic narrative, which John Appleby, late editor of the literary climbing blog Footless Crow, termed “subzero suffering and derring do.” In these stories, protagonists—generally White men—battle the elements, their minds and bodies so focused on the task at hand that the rest of the world seems to vanish. Claiming a coveted summit, they return with some form of gain, such as national glory or personal fulfillment.

More recently, however, an increasingly diverse group of writers has redefined the genre, shattering barriers that once excluded them. For this talk, I will focus on the work of two such authors celebrated during the 2024 Banff Centre Mountain Film and Book Festival in Canada: Headstrap: Legends and Lore from the Climbing Sherpas of Darjeeling by Indian authors Nandini Purandare and Deepa Balsavar, which won the Climbing Literature Award; and British Mountaineers, Welsh writer Faye Latham’s collection of erasure poetry, which was displayed in a festival exhibition.

Both books encourage readers to read between the lines of past stories, to look for what is missing or erased, and to be open to new stories emerging through the gaps. Striving to restore what has been lost in a Western-dominated canon, they venture beyond incomplete written records to collect oral histories or to engage with physical objects—such as the fibers that bind an old book together or a coin box filled with mementoes of expedition porters. Instead of the linear arc common to tales of colonial conquest, they assert the value of different kinds of storytelling, with interweaving lines and voices that offer deeper layers of complexity, reciprocity, and counternarratives.

The overwhelming success of these works at the festival—along with similarly innovative books—reflects a larger paradigm shift in the writers and audiences of mountain literature around the world. At a time of rising censorship and backlash against diversity, equity, and inclusion in the United States and elsewhere, such literary efforts may become more and more significant as a means of resistance.

ID: 3.9387

Role of culture in promoting mountain tourism: A study of Darjeeling Hills

Alolika Mangal

Abstract/Description

The Great Himalayan Mountain range stretching from Nanga Parbat in west to Namjagbarwa Peak in east covering five countries like Bhutan, Nepal, India, Pakistan and China is an adobe of distinctive indigenous people representing an array of diverse cultures, traditions, food and festivals along with its astounding natural widespread landscapes. Darjeeling Hills, often called ‘queen of hills’ as a part of Eastern Himalayas rendering a land of different communities belonging to multiple religious groups representing distinctive cultural traits in the form of fairs, festivals, traditions and customs. The study is focusing on fairs and festivals which are integral part of different communities like Gorkhas, Lepchas, Sherpas, Newars, Bengalis, Tibetan, Dhukpas staying in this mountain region depicting a sense of cosmopolitan nature along with intermixing of diverse ethnicity. Based on key observation and information from various secondary sources of information, a thorough review of various government sites, reports, literature, discussions with habitants, and tourists, the prominent role of festivals and related gatherings in attracting tourist flow with spreading knowledge of mountain cultures is the main objective of the study. The study explores two different dimensions of festival from seasonal perspective and from community religious perspective which are mainly attracting people across the globe as well as interstate and intra state flows. This study is attempting to showcase that this plethora of diversified festivals, fairs are major grounds of endorsing mountain cultures and boosting tourism both in the form of sustainable livelihood and economic expansion. Through this study another understanding of secular festivals as cultural elements is made to provide structure and meaning of shared brotherhood and foster a community sensitivity. As tourism has an important role specifically in mountain region to boost local economy therefore an attempt is also made to depict an inter relationship between tourism and these festive gatherings as cultural melting points and its impact on the region’s overall development. It can be said that this study is an effort to highlight the cultural side of Darjeeling hills which need to be advocated along with preserving people’s traditions and customs who are the protector of natural entities.

ID: 3.9446

Indigenous festival in the Biosphere Reserve Laguna Blanca, Argentinian Andes: Encountering extractivist logic, fragmented resistance, and the conflictive “cosmopolitical” arena

Tobias Boos
Salvucci, Daniela

Abstract/Description

We focus on the interconnections among the indigenous festival “1st of August”, indigenous communities’ sociopolitical dynamics, a potential ecological crisis, and tourism development in Laguna Blanca, a highland village in the Province of Catamarca, Northwestern Andean Argentina. We present an ethnographic description of the ritual offering to Pachamama (Mother Earth), called corpachada, which since the early 2000s evolved from a private ritual into the indigenous festival “1st of August”, including the public presentation of different rituals, speeches and ludic activities, attracting national and some international tourism.
The festival indeed played a crucial role in the definition of the indigenous communities, which between 2006 and 2024 have been recognised legally by the Argentinian state. We are interested in tracing and building connections between the and the current political, social, and ecological transformations of the area, especially those associated with the new mining projects and the conflicts and fragmentation that these plans have produced among and within the local communities and families. Indeed, during the festival, some indigenous leaders encountered and contested the mainstream “mining discourse” of the Province of Catamarca in subtle ways and intended to establish a discourse of sustainable tourism to prevent future ecological depletion. Contrary to these discourses and practices, outside the festival arena, some indigenous leaders, not attending the festival, started to embrace the mining project, and, consequently, formerly united resistance to mining fragmented, and indigenous communities split up in the last six years.
Drawing on the methodologies of sociocultural anthropology and geography, we propose “mapping” the spatial and temporal dynamics of the festival to understand how sociocultural change in the communities of the Biosphere Reserve Laguna is interconnected with the processes of “politicisation,” “festivalisation,” and “touristification” of the mentioned corpachada ritual. In addition, we argue that the ritual can be seen as an opening “cosmopolitical” arena in which new possible strategies of alliance among indigenous communities, researchers, and even tourists can be experimented with.

ID: 3.9648

Searching for best practice: Gender, diversity and inclusion at bouldering festivals

Charlotte Bösling

Abstract/Description

The outdoor bouldering scene is often described as open-minded and inclusive, a style-culture more than a competitive sport. Climbers with diverse body types explore various solutions to movement challenges, drawing inspiration from the different ways individuals approach the same problem. This culture also fosters mutual care, as climbers support one another through spotting and safety practices.
However, despite its inclusive ethos, the climbing community still grapples with issues such as sexism, ableism, racism, ageism, transphobia, and other forms of discrimination. To address these challenges, it is crucial to establish safe spaces that empower marginalized groups and encourage their active participation. As articulated in the Mission Statement of the Women’s Bouldering Festival (2019), the goal must be to “empower underrepresented individuals and groups to confidently take space in the climbing community and beyond.”
This talk examines “Women’s Bouldering”, a non-profit organization that organizes the Women’s Bouldering Festival annually and the Transfest (first edition in 2025)—outdoor bouldering festivals held in the legendary forest of Fontainebleau. These events serve as case studies for inclusive best practices, emphasizing gender equity, intersectionality, and accessibility in outdoor spaces. By providing dedicated spaces for marginalized communities, both festivals and their organizing teams play a pioneering role in fostering equality and inclusion within the outdoor bouldering scene.

ID: 3.11463

Festival Obscura: Gender in Festival-Driven Mountaineering Documentaries

Julie Rak

Abstract/Description

Every year, mountain film festivals around the world show films that are difficult to see any other way, in formats that are very popular with audiences. The films Pretty Strong (2020) and Cholitas (2019), both award-winning films shown at mountain film festivals around the world, could be seen as evidence of better representation of women and Indigenous people on the film festival circuit. However, both films demonstrate that the politics and expectations of film festivals themselves can work to limit the power of films featuring women to portray and facilitate lasting social change in climbing.

ID: 3.11556

Opening Remarks: Mountain Festivals – The Representation, Marketing, and Consumption of Mountaineering Cultures

Harald Höbusch

Abstract/Description

In his opening remarks to the session “Mountain Festivals: The Representation, Marketing, and Consumption of Mountaineering Cultures,” co-convener Harald Höbusch (U of Kentucky) will provide a brief introduction to the phenomenon of mountain festivals – their history, their most prominent types and manifestations, their scholarly treatment to date, and their potential for future research. The intent is to set the stage for the subsequent exploration of this phenomenon from a variety of perspectives, including, but not limited to, questions of selectivity and diversity, inclusion and exclusion, gender, mainstream vs. counterculture, the regional vs. the national, etc. with an eye to encouraging a fruitful exchange between session participants from around the globe.

ID: 3.11625

From Cinema to Crag – US Climbing Festivals and Environmental Stewardship

Caroline Schaumann

Abstract/Description

Rock climbing is a sport that puts individuals in protected wilderness areas and in physical contact with rock walls and boulders, surrounding forests, meadows, and deserts. It allows for an intimate connection with natural environments and promotes physical and mental well-being. As the popularity of outdoor climbing has risen exponentially (from 500,000 in the late 1990s to 10 million in the US alone), so has its environmental impact, from vegetation loss due to foot traffic and boulder pads to human waste to species extinction to magnesium chalk and bolts changing the appearance and composition of rock surfaces.

In order to examine the potential of mountain festivals to raise awareness and address environmental degradation at the crags, my contribution surveys three festivals held at world-class climbing destinations in the US that promote rock climbing and bouldering clinics as part of their appeal. The Red Rock Rendevous at the Red Rock National Reserve near Las Vegas, once the nation’s largest outdoor climbing festival with over 1,100 participants, closed in 2020, citing rising costs, complaints by locals, and destructive environmental impact. The Flash Foxy festival for women and genderqueer folks works with local businesses and Indigenous tribe councils to acknowledge and extend their caretaking of the land. Finally, the Yosemite Facelift, a slate of events dedicated to the stewardship of Yosemite, seeks to broaden the ethics of clean climbing to cleanups, and prides itself for having removed 1,200,000 pounds of trash.