Small-scale productive systems, such as family farming, will play a key role in food sovereignty and economic and environmental sustainability in Andean regions. In this study, we will characterize these systems in northwestern Argentina, quantifying their contribution to self-consumption, commercialization, and non-monetary exchange. We will assess environmental sustainability by analyzing the ecosystem services and disservices associated with production, as well as the impact of phytosanitary management. Additionally, we will examine economic and commercialization strategies employed by farming families, including the allocation of productive tasks. The study will be based on semi-structured interviews, ecological surveys, and statistical analyses of qualitative and quantitative data. Our findings will contribute to the design of public policies that strengthen these systems and enhance their role in food security and sustainable development in rural communities in northwestern Argentina.