Abstract ID: 3.12904 | Not reviewed | Requested as: Talk | TBA | TBA

Forests in the mountains, especially the Indian Himalayan region face extreme threat due to fire. Uncontrolled wildfires threaten biodiversity, soil stability, and local livelihoods. Limited and controlled fire have been beneficial for the forests growth, whereas uncontrolled fire can severely damage the forest. Forest fire has become a global environmental threat. Forest fire regimes are changing as a result of changing climatic conditions. There have been uncertainties in the response of ecosystem to the increased wildfire activity in combination with global increases in temperature, drought, and extreme weather.

This study examines the impact of forest fires on mountain forests, particularly in the fire-sensitive regions of the Almora district situated in the Indian Himalayas. By comparing vegetation in burnt and unburnt areas, this research aims to assess recovery patterns and ecological shifts following fire disturbances. A comparative vegetation analysis was conducted in fire-affected and control sites in Almora district, Uttarakhand. Using a stratified sampling approach, vegetation surveys were conducted across different altitudinal gradients. Vegetation structure, species composition, regeneration patterns, and biodiversity indices were examined to evaluate differences between fire-affected and unaffected areas. Additionally, preliminary observations were made regarding potential changes in soil conditions post-fire.

Initial findings suggest distinct differences in species composition between burnt and unburnt sites. Some fire-adapted species like Pinus roxburghii displayed rapid regeneration, while others like Quercus leucotrichophra showed delayed recovery. Fire appears to influence vegetation dynamics, with certain species benefiting from post-fire conditions. Frequent and high-intensity fires may disrupt long-term forest recovery. The study also highlights the potential benefits of controlled burns in promoting ecological balance and preventing extreme wildfire events.

These findings emphasize the importance of an integrated fire management approach that considers both conservation and risk mitigation. Incorporating traditional ecological knowledge and controlled burning practices could enhance forest resilience while reducing the risks posed by uncontrolled fires. Understanding fire’s ecological role is essential for developing sustainable strategies that support biodiversity while safeguarding mountain forest ecosystems.