Abstract ID: 3.12222 | Accepted as Talk | Talk | TBA | TBA

Social perceptions of interactions with brown bears are dynamic, constantly being constructed and deconstructed under the influence of cultural and governance systems. Values, perceptions, and narratives play a crucial role in shaping wildlife policies and governance systems, which, in turn, influence societal behaviors toward bears. But what happens when policies are absent? Are political decisions alone sufficient? We argue that in Romania, 40 years of policy absence coupled with heavy political intervention have always led to changes in perceptions and narratives. However, in the long term, social memory resets itself, contributing to a cycle of unresolved problems. Using historical and contemporary case studies—particularly from Covasna County—the study reveals how governmental decision-making, centralized and inconsistent, has shaped bear management practices over time. The lack of a coherent, data-driven approach has contributed to a cycle of reactive measures, rather than sustainable, long-term personalised strategies. Interviews conducted with policymakers, researchers, and wildlife managers further illustrate the complexity of managing coexistence and the fragility of decision-making processes. A core argument is that successful coexistence requires a systematic, adaptive approach grounded in collaboration, compromise, and local community engagement. Without strong policies, political intervention alone cannot resolve conflicts, and the historical cycle of uncertainty and unresolved issues is bound to persist.