Mountain communities in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region face increasing environmental and socioeconomic challenges, including climate change, food insecurity, biodiversity loss, pollution, and socio-economic inequality. This paper presents 10 nature-based solutions (NbS) that enhance mountain communities’ resilience by strengthening local livelihoods, preserving natural resources, and preparing communities for future challenges. Implemented by the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) and partners, these solutions address three key dimensions of resilience: climate resilience, socioeconomic resilience, and future resilience. Local actions, such as improved irrigation and climate-resilient agriculture, boost food security and increase crop yields. Socially inclusive solutions empower women and youth, enhance economic opportunities, and reduce poverty. Digital innovations improve knowledge-sharing and disaster risk management across wider regions. Combining multiple solutions en