In the context of global change, species extinction has become a significant issue, particularly for mountain Galliformes. These birds include the black grouse (Tetrao tetrix), the snow partridge (Lagopus muta), the rock partridge (Alectoris graeca saxatilis), and the hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia). In recent decades, populations of these birds have seen a marked decline in the Alps. Classified as “near threatened” by the IUCN, they are experiencing a reduction in their habitats due to the combined effects of global warming, pastoral abandonment, and tourism development (Sommier et al., 2006; Novoa et al., 2014; Revermann et al., 2012). The gradual decline of hunting for these species, though a controversial topic, raises concerns about the loss of local knowledge and conservation efforts for these birds (Andrist et al., 2022; Piachaud, 2020). Naturalists are also rallying around these emblematic species to ensure that conservation actions are implemented. This presentation will explore the causes of their decline, the associated conflicts in land use, and the various ways people are connected to these birds.