The Alpine Convention, established in 1991, is an international treaty aimed at the sustainable development and protection of the Alps. It involves eight Alpine countries along with the European Union and addresses various environmental challenges from a unique transboundary perspective. Its framework convention and Protocols emphasise the importance of scientific research and observation activities to inform policy decisions, and in them, the Contracting Parties commit to cooperate in carrying out research activities and scientific assessments. The convention’s Multi-Annual Work Programme encourages the sharing of Alpine knowledge through ongoing initiatives like the System for the Observation and Information on the Alps, whose aim is to optimise communication on research and observation activities and spread relevant results. These include the Alpine Convention Atlas and the biannual Report on the State of the Alps. To understand how regional governance structures can serve to integrate science into policymaking, the role and use of scientific research and collaboration in the Alpine Convention’s foundations and activities will be reviewed and presented.