Mountain regions are particularly vulnerable to climate change, and the longest worldwide mountain chain, the Andes, is no exception. Monitoring the anthropogenic influence on the climate is vital to taking action for our mountains. We therefore systematically assessed 126 observed impacts of climate change on the natural and human systems of the Andes, including impacts on the cryosphere, water, ecosystems, food security, disasters, energy, tourism, human migration, human health and cultural values. We then performed a model-based attribution assessment of the impacts to anthropogenic influence. We found a cascading chain of impacts of climate change in the Andes across their natural and human systems where anthropogenic climate change has had at least a minor role while non-climate factors such as social, political and economic factors also interfere. Our findings provide a perspective of how humans are influencing the climate and thus changing the water, biodiversity and human lives in the extensive Andean region and highlight the need to understand the complex interactions of natural and human systems. This serves as support for policy and adaptation responses to face the climate crisis.