Urban networks in mountain regions from a global perspective

Urban networks play a crucial role for spatial development in mountain regions. Efficient settlement systems are an important basis for a good quality of life. Effective spatial organization of urban functions can improve overall economic, social and environmental development.   However, research in this field remains limited. Our session aims to explore the relevance of cities and towns within their settlement systems for sustainable mountain development in both the global North and South (e.g. Andes, Carpathians, Caucasus, European Alps, Hindu Kush Himalaya, Rocky Mountains). We aim to address significant research gaps related to comparative perspectives on urban networks, highlighting mountain-specific challenges that are key to an economically viable, socially inclusive, and environmentally balanced development.   We welcome contributions that discuss relevant research questions with a focus on mountain cities. The characteristics of mountain settlement systems provide an important framework for balancing competing sectoral interests, including tourism, biodiversity, and infrastructure development. Challenges posed by relief and altitude, demographic change, and cross-border barriers further complicate spatial development efforts. Session papers should address spatial development from a mountain urban network perspective such as rural-urban linkages or urbanization dynamics. This session aims to foster an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural dialogue that contributes to a global knowledge base on cities and towns in mountain settlement systems.